Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 40, Pages 12293-12298Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509224112
Keywords
microfluidic mixing; yield stress fluids; 3D printing; graded materials
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Funding
- Department of Energy Energy Frontier Research Center on Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion [DE-SC0001293]
- Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Fellowship program
- Society in Science Branco-Weiss Foundation
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Mixing of complex fluids at low Reynolds number is fundamental for a broad range of applications, including materials assembly, micro-fluidics, and biomedical devices. Of these materials, yield stress fluids (and gels) pose the most significant challenges, especially when they must be mixed in low volumes over short timescales. New scaling relationships between mixer dimensions and operating conditions are derived and experimentally verified to create a framework for designing active microfluidic mixers that can efficiently homogenize a wide range of complex fluids. Active mixing printheads are then designed and implemented for multimaterial 3D printing of viscoelastic inks with programmable control of local composition.
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