Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 42, Pages 12928-12932Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510342112
Keywords
bubbles; nucleation; liquid cell; TEM; core-shell nanoparticle
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Funding
- US Department of Energy (DOE) Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- University of California (UC), Berkeley
- National Research Foundation of Singapore [NRF-CRP5-2009-04]
- DOE Office of Science Early Career Research Program
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Iron hydroxide is found in a wide range of contexts ranging from biominerals to steel corrosion, and it can transform to anhydrous oxide via releasing O-2 gas and H2O. However, it is not well understood how gases transport through a crystal lattice. Here, we present in situ observation of the nucleation and migration of gas bubbles in iron (hydr)oxide using transmission electron microscopy. We create Pb-FeOOH model core-shell nanoparticles in a liquid cell. Under electron irradiation, iron hydroxide transforms to iron oxide, during which bubbles are generated, and they migrate through the shell to the nanoparticle surface. Geometric phase analysis of the shell lattice shows an inhomogeneous stain field at the bubbles. Our modeling suggests that the elastic interaction between the core and the bubble provides a driving force for bubble migration.
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