4.8 Article

Regulation of Nrf2 signaling and longevity in naturally long-lived rodents

Publisher

NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417566112

Keywords

stress resistance; Nrf2; rodent longevity; naked mole-rat

Funding

  1. American Federation for Aging Research
  2. Glenn Foundation for Medical Research
  3. NIH/National Institute on Aging (NIA)
  4. NIA Training Grant [T32 AG021890]
  5. NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R01AG022891, T32AG021890] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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The preternaturally long-lived naked mole-rat, like other long-lived species and experimental models of extended longevity, is resistant to both endogenous (e.g., reactive oxygen species) and environmental stressors and also resists age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration. The mechanisms behind the universal resilience of longer-lived organisms to stress, however, remain elusive. We hypothesize that this resilience is linked to the activity of a highly conserved transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). Nrf2 regulates the transcription of several hundred cytoprotective molecules, including antioxidants, detoxicants, and molecular chaperones (heat shock proteins). Nrf2 itself is tightly regulated by mechanisms that either promote its activity or increase its degradation. We used a comparative approach and examined Nrf2-signaling activity in naked mole-rats and nine other rodent species with varying maximum lifespan potential (MLSP). We found that constitutive Nrf2-signaling activity was positively correlated (P = 0.0285) with MLSP and that this activity was also manifested in high levels of downstream gene expression and activity. Surprisingly, we found that species longevity was not linked to the protein levels of Nrf2 itself, but rather showed a significant (P < 0.01) negative relationship with the regulators Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1 (Keap1) and beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (beta TrCP), which target Nrf2 for degradation. These findings highlight the use of a comparative biology approach for the identification of evolved mechanisms that contribute to health span, aging, and longevity.

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