Predicting experimentally stable allotropes: Instability of penta-graphene

In recent years, a plethora of theoretical carbon allotropes have been proposed, none of which has been experimentally isolated. We discuss here criteria that should be met for a new phase to be potentially experimentally viable. We take as examples Haeckelites, 2D networks of sp(2)-carbon-containing pentagons and heptagons, and penta-graphene, consisting of a layer of pentagons constructed from a mixture of sp(2)- and sp(3)-coordinated carbon atoms. In 2D projection appearing as the Cairo pattern, penta-graphene is elegant and aesthetically pleasing. However, we dispute the author's claims of its potential stability and experimental relevance.