Journal
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
Volume 179, Issue 1, Pages 53-56Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.122
Keywords
bCG vaccine; mycobacterium bovis; urinary bladder neoplasms; history of medicine
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Purpose: We review how the bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine evolved to become standard therapy for superficial bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the historical literature describing the origin of the bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine as an anticancer agent and its singular success as the most effective immunotherapy used against a human neoplasm. Results: The association between tuberculosis and cancer, and the demonstration that bacillus Calmette-Guerin invoked immunological reactivity, inhibiting tumor growth in experimental animal models, led to clinical trials showing that intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin eradicated and prevented recurrence of superficial bladder tumors. Conclusions: For the last 3 decades bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy has remained the most effective local therapy for superficial bladder cancer, an outstanding example of successful translational medicine in urology.
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