Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 40, Pages 12315-12320Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1516249112
Keywords
Raman spectroscopy; lightweight spectrometer; time-correlated single-photon counting; remote sensing; environmental sensing
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [PHY-1241032, CBET-1250363, DBI-1455671, DBI-1532188]
- ECCS [1509268]
- NIH [R21-EB011703, R01-HL11136, R01-CA138653]
- Robert A. Welch Foundation [A-1261]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1250363] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1455671] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1509268] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Raman spectroscopy is an important tool in understanding chemical components of various materials. However, the excessive weight and energy consumption of a conventional CCD-based Raman spectrometer forbids its applications under extreme conditions, including unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAVs) and Mars/Moon rovers. In this article, we present a highly sensitive, shot-noise-limited, and ruggedized Raman signal acquisition using a time-correlated photon-counting system. Compared with conventional Raman spectrometers, over 95% weight, 65% energy consumption, and 70% cost could be removed through this design. This technique allows space- and UAV-based Raman spectrometers to robustly perform hyperspectral Raman acquisitions without excessive energy consumption.
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