Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 112, Issue 27, Pages 8332-8337Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422104112
Keywords
pancreatic beta-cells; imprinting; Kcnq1
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan [26461382]
- Banyu Life Science Foundation International
- National Cancer Institute/NIH [2R01 CA089426]
- MEXT [24229007, 18GS0317, 22590981]
- MEXT Cooperative Link of Unique Science and Technology for Economy Revitalization Grant
- Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders
- Novo Nordisk Insulin Awards
- Japan Diabetes Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26461382, 22590981, 25461346, 18GS0317] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Genetic factors are important determinants of the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus. Numerous susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes, including potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily Q, member1 (KCNQ1), have been identified in humans by genome-wide analyses and other studies. Experiments with genetically modified mice have also implicated various genes in the pathogenesis of diabetes. However, the possible effects of the parent of origin for diabetes susceptibility alleles on disease onset have remained unclear. Here, we show that a mutation at the Kcnq1 locus reduces pancreatic beta-cell mass in mice by epigenetic modulation only when it is inherited from the father. The noncoding RNA KCNQ1 overlapping transcript1 (Kcnq1ot1) is expressed from the Kcnq1 locus and regulates the expression of neighboring genes on the paternal allele. We found that disruption of Kcnq1 results in reduced Kcnq1ot1 expression as well as the increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (Cdkn1c), an imprinted gene that encodes a cell cycle inhibitor, only when the mutation is on the paternal allele. Furthermore, histone modification at the Cdkn1c promoter region in pancreatic islets was found to contribute to this phenomenon. Our observations suggest that the Kcnq1 genomic region directly regulates pancreatic beta-cell mass and that genomic imprinting may be a determinant of the onset of diabetes mellitus.
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