Journal
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 514-522Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11666-010-9542-8
Keywords
nano-particle coating; nozzle optimization; shockwave; supersonic flow; thin-film deposition
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Funding
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) [2010-3010010011]
- Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy
- National Research Foundation of Korea NRF [NRF-2010-0010217]
- U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
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Characteristics of supersonic flow are examined with specific regard to nano-particle thin-film coating. Effects of shockwaves, nozzle geometry, chamber pressure, and substrate location were studied computationally. Shockwaves are minimized to reduce fluctuations in flow properties at the discontinuities across diamond shock structures. Nozzle geometry was adjusted to ensure optimal expansion (i.e., P-exit = P-ambient), where shock formation was significantly reduced and flow kinetic energy maximized. When the ambient pressure was reduced from 1 to 0.01316 bar, the nozzle's diverging angle must be increased to yield the optimum condition of minimized adversed effects. Beyond some critical distance, substrate location did not seem to be a sensitive parameter on flow characteristics when P-amb = 0.01316 bar; however, overly close proximity to the nozzle exit caused flow disturbances inside the nozzle, thereby adversely affecting coating gas flow.
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