Journal
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
Volume 90, Issue 9, Pages 1445-1451Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3962
Keywords
sorghum; mycoflora; Fusarium verticillioides; fumonisin B-1; abiotic factors; mating
Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Fapesp)
- Capta-Bovinos de Leite do Institut de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterise the mycoflora and the presence of fumonisin in sorghum grains, correlating the results with the environment and abiotic factors. RESULTS: Fifty samples (five collections of ten samples each) of sorghum were analysed. All samples were found to be contaminated with fungi, with higher frequencies of Cladosporium spp. (61.8%) and Helminthosporium spp. (33.4%). Fusarium verticillioides was isolated from 15.1% of the samples, with 38% of them being contaminated with fumonisin B-1 (FB1) at levels ranging from 50 to 368.78 ng g(-1). Regarding abiotic factors, temperature, water activity and rainfall showed a positive correlation with the frequency of F. verticillioides and FB1 production. There was a significant positive correlation between relative air humidity and FB1 production. The results obtained from sexual crosses between standard F mating tester strains and the isolated strains confirmed that the strains isolated were F. verticillioides. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the decrease in F. verticillioides and fumonisin contamination occurred owing to atypical climatic factors during the period of sorghum cultivation, when there was any occurrence of rain and the level of water activity of grains did not reach 0.58. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
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