Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
Volume 12, Issue 102, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0675
Keywords
adhesion; scaling; gecko; climbing; bioinspiration
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation
- Hertz Fellowship
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- SRI
- DARPA [HR0011-12-C-0040]
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Since the discovery of the mechanism of adhesion in geckos, many synthetic dry adhesives have been developed with desirable gecko-like properties such as reusability, directionality, self-cleaning ability, rough surface adhesion and high adhesive stress. However, fully exploiting these adhesives in practical applications at different length scales requires efficient scaling (i.e. with little loss in adhesion as area grows). Just as natural gecko adhesives have been used as a benchmark for synthetic materials, so can gecko adhesion systems provide a baseline for scaling efficiency. In the tokay gecko (Gekko gecko), a scaling power law has been reported relating the maximum shear stress sigma(max) to the area A: alpha(max) proportional to A(-1/4). We present a mechanical concept which improves upon the gecko's non-uniform load-sharing and results in a nearly even load distribution over multiple patches of gecko-inspired adhesive. We created a synthetic adhesion system incorporating this concept which shows efficient scaling across four orders of magnitude of area, yielding an improved scaling power law: sigma(max) proportional to A(-1/50). Furthermore, we found that the synthetic adhesion system does not fail catastrophically when a simulated failure is induced on a portion of the adhesive. In a practical demonstration, the synthetic adhesion system enabled a 70 kg human to climb vertical glass with 140 cm(2) of adhesive per hand.
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