Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
Volume 5, Issue 27, Pages 1137-1158Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0151
Keywords
biomaterials; orthopaedics; tissue engineering; bioactive materials; biodegradable materials; bioinert materials
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At present, strong requirements in orthopaedics are still to be met, both in bone and joint substitution and in the repair and regeneration of bone defects. In this framework, tremendous advances in the biomaterials field have been made in the last 50 years where materials intended for biomedical purposes have evolved through three different generations, namely first generation (bioinert materials), second generation (bioactive and biodegradable materials) and third generation (materials designed to stimulate specific responses at the molecular level). In this review, the evolution of different metals, ceramics and polymers most commonly used in orthopaedic applications is discussed, as well as the different approaches used to fulfil the challenges faced by this medical field.
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