Journal
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Volume 15, Issue 6, Pages 1012-1022Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617709990713
Keywords
Adult; Psychometrics; Neuropsychological tests; Intelligence; Diagnostic errors; Biometry
Categories
Funding
- NIMH [MH60504]
- Therapeutic Cognitive Neuroscience
- Benjamin and Adith Miller Family Endowment on Aging
- Alzheimer's. and Autism Research
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Regression-based normative techniques account for variability in test performance associated with multiple predictor variables and generate expected scores based on algebraic equation,,. Using this approach, we show that estimated IQ, based on oral word reading, accounts for 1-9% of the variability beyond that explained by individual differences in age, sex, race, and years of education for most cognitive measures. These results confirm that adding estimated premorbid IQ to demographic predictors in multiple regression models can incrementally improve the accuracy with which regression-based norms (RBNs) benchmark expected neuropsychological test performance in healthy adults. It remains to be seen whether the incremental variance in test performance explained by estimated premorbid IQ translates to improved diagnostic accuracy in patient samples. We describe these methods, and illustrate the step-by-step application of RBNs with two cases. We also discuss the rationale, assumptions, and caveats of this approach. More broadly, we note that adjusting test scores for age and other characteristics might actually decrease the accuracy with which test performance predicts absolute criteria, such as the ability to drive or live independently. (JINS, 2009, 15, 1012-1022.)
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