Journal
POLYMER CHEMISTRY
Volume 6, Issue 31, Pages 5625-5632Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c4py01449a
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Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-1056817]
- National Science Foundation GK-12 program Molecules to Muscles through the University of Southern Mississippi [0947944]
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Graduate Education [0947944] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1056817] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this work, sub-100 nm crosslinked polythioether nanoparticles were synthesized via thiol-ene photo-polymerization in miniemulsion using high-energy homogenization. The effects of the miniemulsion formulation and homogenization parameters - including inhibitor concentration, surfactant concentration, organic weight fraction, ultrasonication time and amplitude - on nanoparticle size and size distribution were investigated. Thiol-ene nanoparticles with a mean particle diameter of 46 nm were obtained under optimized conditions for the current system at 2.5 wt% organic fraction and 20 mM surfactant concentration. In an effort to demonstrate potential utility of thiol-ene nanoparticles, we exploit the step-growth radical mechanism of thiol-ene photopolymerization under non-stoichiometric conditions to fabricate functional nanoparticles that express excess thiol or alkene at the particle surface. We show that these excess functional groups can be utilized as reactive handles in thiol-Michael and radical-mediated thiolene reactions for immobilization of fluorescent moieties via postpolymerization modification.
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