Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 157, Issue 11, Pages A1269-A1273Publisher
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/1.3491365
Keywords
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Funding
- Hydro-Quebec
- office of Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies of the U.S Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
- Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) of DOE
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A series of Cr-substituted spinel cathodes LiNi(0.5-x)Cr(2x)Mn(1.5-x)O(4) (0 <= 2x <= 0.8) has been prepared and their electrochemical properties were characterized at different C rates and temperatures. Although the pristine Li[Ni(0.5)Mn(1.5)]O(4) showed a capacity loss from similar to 130 mAh g(-1) at 0.2C to similar to 10 mAh g(-1) at 10C at room temperature, LiNi(0.4)Cr(0.2)Mn(1.4)O(4) showed capacity retention similar to 93.8% after 400 cycles under the same conditions and LiNi(0.45)Cr(0.1)Mn(1.45)O(4) gave the best rate property. At 55 degrees C, LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4) retained similar to 80.5% of its capacity after 50 cycles; 98, 92.1, and 91.7% capacities were still observed for LiNi(0.475)Cr(0.05)Mn(1.475)O(4), LiNi(0.45)Cr(0.1)Mn(1.45)O(4), and LiNi(0.4)Cr(0.2)Mn(1.4)O(4), respectively. Structural analyses and surface morphology changes show that although no second phase was detected during cycling, there is a surface rearrangement on the electrodes. Elemental analyses indicated that the Cr substitution helps to suppress the surface atomic rearrangement, which improves the electrochemical performance. (C) 2010 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3491365] All rights reserved.
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