Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 156, Issue 8, Pages A688-A693Publisher
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/1.3141670
Keywords
association; dissociation; electrochemical electrodes; high-temperature effects; molybdenum compounds; nanostructured materials; nanotechnology; powders; reduction (chemical); secondary cells; thermochemistry; thermodynamics
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [400-2008-0230]
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The high temperature lithiation behavior of the MoO2 electrode is examined, which is lithiated by one-electron reduction (by addition reaction) at room temperature. At elevated temperatures, this electrode is lithiated with four-electron reduction by addition and continued conversion reaction. As a result of four-electron reduction, the initial crystalline MoO2 phase is decomposed into a nanosized mixture of metallic Mo and Li2O, which is in turn converted to nanosized MoO2 upon forthcoming delithiation. An interesting feature here is that as-generated nanosized MoO2 is now fully lithiated up to four-electron reduction even at room temperature. This phenomenon is named thermoelectrochemical activation because the extension from one- to four-electron reduction is achieved by a simple charge-discharge cycling made at elevated temperatures. The thermoelectrochemically activated MoO2 electrode delivers a reversible specific capacity that is close to the theoretical four-electron capacity (838 mAh g(-1)) with an excellent cycle performance at room temperature.
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