Journal
POLYMER BULLETIN
Volume 73, Issue 5, Pages 1459-1496Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1546-6
Keywords
Non-isocyanate polyurethanes; Carbonated glycidyl ethers; Thiol-ene coupling; Structure-properties relationship
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Commercially, polyurethanes are produced by the reaction of diisocyanates, polyols (polyester or polyether) and low molecular weight chain extender. Toxicity, moisture sensitivity and phosgene-based synthesis of diisocyanates resulted in investigations focused on obtaining the non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs). This work presents the review of synthesis and structure-properties relationship of non-isocyanate polyurethanes obtained by reacting cyclic carbonated intermediates with diamines or polyamines. Moreover, the presented methods of NIPU synthesis were analysed from the environmental point of view. Described five-membered ring cyclic carbonate intermediates were obtained by carbonation of glycidyl ethers or thiol-ene coupling of unsaturated cyclic carbonate monomers and thiols. The special interest was put on the bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes, obtained from chemically modified bio-based substances, e.g. carbonated vegetable oils. The mechanical and thermal properties of NIPUs are affected by functionality, structure and molecular weight of cyclic carbonate intermediates and diamines or polyamines.
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