Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
Volume 91, Issue 9, Pages 1595-1603Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11746-014-2493-3
Keywords
Pistachio; Phenols; GC-MS; PCA; CDA; Geographical origin
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Funding
- PRA: Sostanze fenoliche e xenobiotici in matrici alimentari
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The phenolic compounds of Italian and Turkish pistachio oil samples were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with the aim of identifying substances also present in very low concentration; 21 compounds were identified by means of the mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. Benzoic acid derivatives (protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) were the main components; 14 polyphenols were detected in pistachios for the first time. The concentrations of the compounds found were in the range 0.02-5.64 mu g/g of fresh pistachio. No appreciable qualitative differences were found between samples of different origin; a multivariate approach was successfully tried to differentiate the samples according to their geographical origin, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Finally, Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) was further conducted to classify different pistachio samples.
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