Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
Volume 89, Issue 6, Pages 1145-1153Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1007/s11746-011-1993-7
Keywords
Subcritical water; Aqueous extraction; Oil extraction; Protein extraction; Flaking; Soybeans; Extraction
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Research, Education, and Extension Service [2009-34432-20057]
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG3606GO86014]
- NIFA [2009-34432-20057, 582188] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Aqueous extraction using subcritical water is an environmentally friendly alternative to extracting oil and protein from oilseeds with flammable organic solvents. The effects of solids-to-liquid ratio (1:3.3-1:11.7), temperature (66-234 degrees C), and extraction time (13-47 min) were evaluated on the extraction of oil and protein from soybean flakes and from extruded soybeans flakes with subcritical water. A central composite design (2(3)) with three center points and six axial points was used. Subcritical water extractions were carried out in a 1-L high-pressure batch reactor with constant stirring (300 rpm) at 0.03-3.86 MPa. In general, oil extraction was greater for extruded soybean flakes than with soybean flakes. More complete oil extraction for extruded soybean flakes was achieved at around 150 degrees C and extraction was not affected by solids-to-liquid ratios over the range tested, while oil extraction from soybean flakes was more complete at 66 degrees C and low solids-to-liquid ratio (1:11.7). Protein extraction yields from flakes were generally greater than from extruded flakes. Protein extraction yields from extruded flakes increased as temperature increased and solids-to-liquid ratio decreased, while greater protein extraction yields from soybean flakes were achieved when using low temperatures and low solids-to-liquid ratio.
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