Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
Volume 60, Issue 1, Pages 113-117Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03769.x
Keywords
pain; frailty; older adults; homeostenosis
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Funding
- National Health Research Development Program
- Seniors' Independence Research program [6606-3954-MC(S)]
- National Institute on Aging [K23AG029815]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP-62823]
- Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation
- QEII Research Foundation
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [UL1RR025741] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [K23AG029815] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the association between self-reported moderate to severe pain and frailty. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Wave 2. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Representative sample of persons aged 65 and older in Canada. MEASUREMENTS: Pain (exposure) was categorized as no or very mild pain versus moderate or greater pain. Frailty (outcome) was operationalized as the accumulation of 33 possible self-reported health attitudes, illnesses, and functional abilities, subsequently divided into tertiles (not frail, prefrail, and frail). Multivariable logistic regression assessed for the association between pain and frailty. RESULTS: Of participants who reported moderate or greater pain (35.5%, 1,765/4,968), 16.2% were not frail, 34.1% were prefrail, and 49.8% were frail. For persons with moderate or greater pain, the odds of being prefrail rather than not frail were higher by a factor of 2.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.13-2.99; P < .001). For persons with moderate or greater pain, the odds of being frail rather than not frail were higher by a factor of 5.52 (95% CI = 4.49-6.64 P < .001). CONCLUSION: Moderate or higher pain was independently associated with frailty. Although causality cannot be ascertained in a cross-sectional analysis, interventions to improve pain management may help prevent or ameliorate frailty. J Am Geriatr Soc 60:113-117, 2012.
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