[Au7]3+: A Missing Link in the Four-Electron Gold Cluster Family

Ligand-stabilized ultrasmall gold clusters offer a library of diverse geometrical and electronic structures. Among them, clusters with four valence electrons form an exceptional but interesting family because of their unique geometrical structures and optical properties. Here, we report a novel diphosphine-ligated four-electron Au-7 cluster (2). In good agreement with previous theoretical predictions, 2 has a core+one structure to exhibit a prolate shape. The absorption spectrum showed an isolated band, similar to the spectra of Au-6 and Au-8 dusters with core+two structures. TD-DFT studies demonstrated that the attachment of only one gold atom to a polyhedral core is sufficient to generate unique electronic structures and characteristic absorptions. The present result fills the missing link between Au6 and Au8 in the four-electron cluster family, showing that the HOMO-LUMO gap increases with increasing nuclearity in the case of the tetrahedron-based core+exo clusters.