Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 135, Issue 39, Pages 14644-14658Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja404895z
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Funding
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization, a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center [DOE DE-SC000-1298]
- Chevron Technology Corporation
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Designing oxidation catalysts based on CH activation with reduced, low oxidation state species is a seeming dilemma given the proclivity for catalyst deactivation by overoxidation. This dilemma has been recognized in the Shilov system where reduced Pt-II is used to catalyze methane functionalization. Thus, it is generally accepted that key to replacing Pt-IV in that system with more practical oxidants is ensuring that the oxidant does not over-oxidize the reduced Pt-II species. The Periana-Catalytica system, which utilizes (bpym)-(PtCl2)-Cl-II in concentrated sulfuric acid solvent at 200 degrees C, is a highly stable catalyst for the selective, high yield oxy-functionalization of methane. In lieu of the over-oxidation dilemma, the high stability and observed rapid oxidation of (bpym)(PtCl2)-Cl-II to Pt-IV in the absence of methane would seem to contradict the originally proposed mechanism involving CH activation by a reduced Pt-II species. Mechanistic studies show that the originally proposed mechanism is incomplete and that while CH activation does proceed with Pt-II there is a solution to the over oxidation dilemma. Importantly, contrary to the accepted view to minimize Pt-II overoxidation, these studies also show that increasing that rate could increase the rate of catalysis and catalyst stability. The mechanistic basis for this counterintuitive prediction could help to guide the design of new catalysts for alkane oxidation that operate by CH activation.
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