Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Air and Flue Gas in the Alkylamine-Appended Metal-Organic Framework mmen-Mg2(dobpdc)

Two new metal organic frameworks, M-2(dobpdc) (M = Zn (1), Mg (2); dobpdc(4-) = 4,4'-dioxido-3,3'-biphenyldicarboxylate), adopting an expanded MOF-74 structure type, were synthesized via solvothermal and microwave methods. Coordinatively unsaturated Mg2+ cations lining the 18.4-angstrom-diameter channels of 2 were functionalized with N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine (mmen) to afford Mg-2(dobpdc)-(mmen)(1.6)(H2O)(0.4) (mmen-Mg-2(dobpdc)). This compound displays an exceptional capacity for CO2 adsorption at low pressures, taking up 2.0 mmol/g (8.1 wt %) at 0.39 mbar and 25 degrees C, conditions relevant to removal of CO2 from air, and 3.14 mmol/g (12.1 wt %) at 0.15 bar and 40 degrees C, conditions relevant to CO2 capture from flue gas. Dynamic gas adsorption/desorption cycling experiments demonstrate that mmen-Mg-2(dobpdc) can be regenerated upon repeated exposures to simulated air and flue gas mixtures, with cycling capacities of 1.05 mmol/g (4.4 wt %) after 1 h of exposure to flowing 390 ppm CO2 in simulated air at 25(degrees)C and 2.52 mmol/g (9.9 wt %) after 15 min of exposure to flowing 15% CO2 in N-2 at 40 degrees C. The purity of the CO2 removed from dry air and flue gas in these processes was estimated to be 96% and 98%, respectively. As a flue gas adsorbent, the regeneration energy was estimated through differential scanning calorimetry experiments to be 2.34 MJ/kg CO2 adsorbed. Overall, the performance characteristics of mmen-Mg-2(dobpdc) indicate it to be an exceptional new adsorbent for CO2 capture, comparing favorably with both amine-grafted silicas and aqueous amine solutions.