Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 135, Issue 2, Pages 763-767Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja309435f
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Funding
- Energy Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001086]
- National Science Foundation, Partnerships for Innovation Program [IIP-1237622]
- ACS Division of Analytical Chemistry
- Eastman Chemical Co.
- NSF [DMR-1120296]
- Div Of Industrial Innovation & Partnersh
- Directorate For Engineering [1237622, 1114275] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Lithium sulfide is a promising cathode material for high-energy lithium ion batteries because, unlike elemental sulfur, it obviates the need for metallic lithium anodes. Like elemental sulfur, however, a successful lithium sulfide cathode requires an inherent mechanism for preventing lithium polysulfide dissolution and shuttling during electrochemical cycling. A new scheme is proposed to create composites based on lithium sulfide uniformly dispersed in a carbon host, which serve to sequester polysulfides. The synthesis methodology makes use of interactions between lithium ions in solution and nitrile groups uniformly distributed along the chain backbone of a polymer precursor (e.g., polyacrylonitrile), to control the distribution of lithium sulfide in the host material. The Li2S-carbon composites obtained by carbonizing the precursor are evaluated as cathode materials in a half-cell lithium battery, and are shown to yield high galvanic charge/discharge capacities and excellent Coulombic efficiency, demonstrating the effectiveness of the architecture in homogeneously distributing Li2S and in sequestering lithium polysulfides.
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