Correlated Electron Dynamics: How Aromaticity Can Be Controlled

In this Article, we show that the aromaticity of a molecule can be turned off by controlling the electron dynamics. We present a controlled switching from the aromatic ground state of benzene to two different nonaromatic states, using a laser pulse. The propagation of the molecular wave function is carried out with the time-dependent configuration interaction method. The laser pulse for switching between the ground and excited states is optimized using optimal control theory. Bond orders and Mulliken charges serve as an aromaticity criterion. The nonaromatic target states exhibit localized bonds and partial charges on the carbon atoms; these localized electrons circulate on an attosecond time scale in the ring system.