Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 133, Issue 23, Pages 9088-9094Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja2025432
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Funding
- Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs, Infrastructure, Transport and Technology
- German Federal Environmental Foundation (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, DBU)
- Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
- German Research Council (DFG) [SPP1355, DY18/6-1, DY18/6-2, INST 93/623-1]
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Organic bulk-heterojunctions (BHJ) and solar cells containing the trimetallic nitride endohedral fullerene 1-[3-(2-ethyl)hexoxy carbonyl]propyl-1-phenyl-Lu3(N)@C-80 (Lu3N@C-80-PCBEH) show an open circuit voltage (V-OC) 0.3 V higher than similar devices with [6,6]-phenyl-C[61]-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM). To fully exploit the potential of this acceptor molecule with respect to the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells, the short circuit current (J(SC)) should be improved to become competitive with the state of the art solar cells. Here, we address factors influencing the J(SC) in blends containing the high voltage absorber Lu3N@C-80-PCBEH in view of both photogeneration but also transport and extraction of charge carriers. We apply optical, charge carrier extraction, morphology, and spin-sensitive techniques. In blends containing Lu3N@C-80-PCBEH, we found 2 times weaker photoluminescence quenching, remainders of interchain excitons, and, most remarkably, triplet excitons formed on the polymer chain, which were absent in the reference P3HT:PC61BM blends. We show that electron back transfer to the triplet state along with the lower exciton dissociation yield due to intramolecular charge transfer in Lu3N@C-80-PCBEH are responsible for the reduced photocurrent.
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