[(NHC)AuI]-Catalyzed Acid-Free Alkyne Hydration at Part-per-Million Catalyst Loadings

A highly efficient [(NHC)Au-1]-based (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) catalytic system for the hydration of an array of atkynes that operates under acid-free conditions and at very low catalyst loadings (typically 50-100 ppm and as low as 10 ppm) was developed. Terminal and internal alkynes possessing any combination of alkyl and aryl substituents (alkyl/H, aryl/H, alkyl/alkyl, alkyl/aryl, and aryl/aryl) were found suitable substrates in the present catalytic system.