Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
Volume 48, Issue 1, Pages 10-18Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e31818b1c63
Keywords
schizophrenia; childhood; autism; genetics; brain development
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [Z01MH002581, ZIAMH002581] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 MH002581-17] Funding Source: Medline
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Objective: To highlight emerging evidence for clinical and biological links between autism/pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) and schizophrenia, with particular attention to childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). Method: Clinical, demographic, and brain developmental data from the National Institute of Mental Health (and other) COS studies and selected family, imaging, and genetic data from studies of autism, PDD, and schizophrenia were reviewed. Results: In the two large studies that have examined this systematically, COS is preceded by and comorbid with PDD in 30% to 50% of cases. Epidemiological and family studies find association between the disorders. Both disorders have evidence of accelerated trajectories of anatomic brain development at ages near disorder onset. A growing number of risk genes and/or rare small chromosomal variants (microdeletions or duplications) are shared by schizophrenia and autism. Conclusions: Biological risk does not closely follow DSM phenotypes, and core neurobiological processes are likely common for subsets of these two heterogeneous clinical groups. Long-term prospective follow-up of autistic populations and greater diagnostic distinction between schizophrenia spectrum and autism spectrum disorders in adult relatives are needed. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2009;48(1):10-18.
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