Journal
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
Volume 17, Issue -, Pages 511-516Publisher
INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
DOI: 10.1107/S0909049510013087
Keywords
X-ray reflectivity; off-specular diffuse scattering; PILATUS; air/water interface; ionic liquids
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [18045029]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [18045029] Funding Source: KAKEN
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An X-ray reflectometer for simultaneous measurement of specular and off-specular reflection of liquid surfaces is described. The reflectometer, equipped with a two-dimensional single X-ray photon-counting pixel array detector obtained the full range of X-ray specular and off-specular reflections in an extremely short time (1 s). Both the specular and off-specular reflection of water exhibited good agreement with the predicted capillary-wave theory within the appropriate instrumental resolution. The approach is also demonstrated on an aqueous solution of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The monolayer in which the dodecyl chain faces upwards and the Cl- anion locates next to the imidazolium ring formed on the water surface was found to be laterally homogeneous. The use of a pixel array detector will be particularly powerful for in situ measurements to investigate both out-of-plane and in-plane structures simultaneously, not only for liquid surfaces but also for other thin films.
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