Journal
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Volume 175, Issue 2, Pages 127-134Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.03.010
Keywords
Structural virology; Innate immunity; Cell signalling; X-ray crystallography; Surface receptors
Funding
- Medical Research Council UK
- Wellcome Trust
- European Commission [LSHGCT-2006-031220]
- Wellcome Trust [075491/Z/04]
- MRC [G1000099, G0501257] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0501257, G1000207, G1000099, G1100525] Funding Source: researchfish
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Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and are some of the most rapidly evolving and diverse pathogens encountered by the host immune system. Large complicated viruses, such as poxviruses, have evolved a plethora of proteins to disrupt host immune signalling in their battle against immune surveillance. Recent X-ray crystallographic analysis of these viral immunomodulators has helped form an emerging picture of the molecular details of virus-host interactions. In this review we consider some of these immune evasion strategies as they apply to poxviruses, from a structural perspective, with specific examples from the European SPINE2-Complexes initiative. Structures of poxvirus immunomodulators reveal the capacity of viruses to mimic and compete against the host immune system, using a diverse range of structural folds that are unique or acquired from their hosts with both enhanced and unexpectedly divergent functions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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