Journal
PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 237, Issue -, Pages 57-68Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.05.010
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana; Chlorophyll degradation; Dark-induced senescence; PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 5
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Funding
- General Research Fund (CUHK) [465410, 464412]
- AoE grant from the Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong [AoE/M-05/12]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [91125027, 31170225, 31201145]
- Shenzhen Science & Technology Research & Development Funding-Peacock Scheme
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2011M501489]
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Darkness is a known environmental factor that induces plant senescence. Here, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs), several bHLH transcription factors involved in plant skotomorphogenesis, were examined for their roles in the regulation of dark-induced senescence and chlorophyll breakdown in Arabidopsis thaliana. After light-grown seedlings were transferred to darkness, green leaves turned yellow, and chlorophyll contents decreased, but membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death increased in wild-type Col-0. These responses were enhanced in overexpression line PIF5OX but decreased in mutant pif5-3. Darkness significantly induced expression of several genes involved in chlorophyll breakdown, including SGR, NYC1, NOL, and PAO, as well as genes encoding for transcription factors that have been shown to be required for dark-induced senescence, including WRKY22, NAP, EIN3, EIL1, and ORE1. These effects on gene expression were also enhanced in PIF5OX but decreased in pif5-3 relative to Col-0. Further analyses using ChIP-qPCR, EMSA, and protoplast transient assays indicated that PIF5 binds to the G-box motifs in the promoters of SGR, NYC1, and ORE1 genes and stimulate their expression. Collectively, our data indicate that PIF5 is a key factor that positively regulates dark-induced senescence upstream of ORE1 and regulates chlorophyll breakdown upstream of SGR and NYC1. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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