Journal
PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 230, Issue -, Pages 59-69Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.10.010
Keywords
Apocarotenoids; alpha-Ionols; Arbuscular mycorrhiza; Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases; Mycorradicin; Strigolactones
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Funding
- National R&D Plan of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MINCIN) [AGL2009-07691, AGL2012-39923]
- MINCIN
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Apocarotenoids are a class of compounds that play important roles in nature. In recent years, a prominent role for these compounds in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis has been shown. They are derived from carotenoids by the action of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) enzyme family. In the present study, using tomato as a model, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of the CCD genes during AM symbiosis establishment and functioning was investigated. In addition, the levels of the apocarotenoids strigolactones (SLs), C-13 alpha-ionol and C-14 mycorradicin (C-13/C-14) derivatives were analyzed. The results suggest an increase in SLs promoted by the presence of the AM fungus at the early stages of the interaction, which correlated with an induction of the SL biosynthesis gene SlCCD7. At later stages, induction of SlCCD7 and SlCCD1 expression in arbusculated cells promoted the production of C-13/C-14 apocarotenoid derivatives. We show here that the biosynthesis of apocarotenoids during AM symbiosis is finely regulated throughout the entire process at the gene expression level, and that CCD7 constitutes a key player in this regulation. Once the symbiosis is established, apocarotenoid flux would be turned towards the production of C-13/C-14 derivatives, thus reducing SL biosynthesis and maintaining a functional symbiosis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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