Journal
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue 2, Pages 287-292Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10971-009-2089-9
Keywords
Titania; Mesoporous; Nanoparticles; Sol-gel; Aerosol; Self-assembly; Phase transition
Categories
Funding
- NASA [NAG-1-02070, NCC-3-946]
- Office of Naval Research, the Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF(2001-04)-RD-B-09]
- National Science Foundation [NSF-DMR-0124765]
- CAREER
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Mesoporous titania nanoparticles (denoted as MTN) with high surface area (e.g., 252 m(2) g(-1)) were prepared using tetrapropyl orthotitanate (TPOT) as a titania precursor and 10-20 nm or 20-30 nm silica colloids as templates. Co-assembly of TPOT and silica colloids in an aerosol-assisted process and immediate calcination at 450 A degrees C resulted in anatase/silica composite nanoparticles. Subsequent removal of the silica colloids from the composite by NaOH solution created mesopores in the TiO(2) nanoparticles with pore size corresponding to that of silica colloids. Effects of silica colloids' contents on MTN porosity and crystallites' growth at a higher calcination temperature (e.g., 1000 A degrees C) were investigated. Silica colloids suppressed the growth of TiO(2) crystallites during calcination at a higher calcination temperature and controllable contents of the silica colloids in precursor solution resulted in various atomic ratios of anatase to rutile in the calcinated materials. The mesostructure and crystalline structure of these titania materials were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA)-thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and N(2) sorption.
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