Simultaneous analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using electrochemically controlled solid-phase microextraction based on nanostructure molecularly imprinted polypyrrole film coupled to ion mobility spectrometry

A simple, rapid, and highly sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen, ibuprofen, and mefenamic acid) in diluted human serum was developed using the electrochemically controlled solid-phase microextraction coupled to ion mobility spectrometry. A conducting molecularly imprinted polymer film based on polypyrrole was synthesized for the selective uptake and release of drugs. The film was prepared by incorporation of a template molecule (naproxen) during the electropolymerization of pyrrole onto a platinum electrode using cyclic voltammetry method. The measured ion mobility spectrometry intensity was related to the concentration of analytes taken up into the films. The calibration graphs (naproxen, ibuprofen, and mefenamic acid) were linear in the range of 0.1-30 ng/mL and detection limits were 0.07-0.37 ng/mL and relative standard deviation was lower than 6%. On the basis of the results obtained in this work, the conducting molecularly imprinted polymer films as absorbent have been applied in the electrochemically controlled solid-phase microextraction and ion mobility spectrometry system for the selective clean-up and quantification of trace amounts of anti-inflammatory drugs in human serum samples. Scanning electron microscopy has confirmed the nano-structure morphology of the polypyrrole film.