Journal
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
Volume 33, Issue 19, Pages 3075-3096Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000316
Keywords
Capillary microextraction; High-stability germania-based sorbents; Sol-gel microextraction phases; Solid-phase microextraction; Stir bar sorptive extraction
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Sol-gel technology provides a simple and reliable method for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber preparation through in situ creation of surface-bonded organic-inorganic hybrid coatings characterized by enhanced thermal stability and solvent-resistance properties that are important for the coupling of SPME with GC and HPLC, respectively. The sal-gel coating technology has led to the development of an extensive array of sol-gel sorbent coatings for SPME. In this article, sol-gel microextraction coatings are reviewed, with particular attention on their synthesis, characterization, and applications in conjunction with GC and HPLC analyses. In addition, the development of sol-gel-coated stir bars, their inherent advantages, and applications are discussed. Next, the development and applications of sol-gel capillary microextraction (CME) in hyphenation with GC and HPLC is extensively reviewed. The newly emerging germania- and titania-based sol-gel microextraction phases look promising, especially in terms of pH and hot solvent stability. sol-gel monolithic beds for CME are reviewed. Such monolithic beds are in a position to greatly improve the extracting capabilities and enhanced sensitivity in CME.
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