Journal
JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH
Volume 52, Issue 3, Pages 309-319Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1269/jrr.10147
Keywords
Short DNA fragments; Ionizing radiation; AFM; NHEJ; Genomic instability
Funding
- NIH
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center
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Cells exposed to densely ionizing radiation (high-LET) experience more severe biological damage than do cells exposed to sparsely ionizing radiation (low-LET). The prevailing hypothesis is that high-LET radiations induce DNA double strand-breaks (DSB) that are more complex and clustered, and are thereby more challenging to repair. Here, we present experimental data obtained by atomic force microscopy imaging, DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity determination, DNA ligation assays, and genomic studies to suggest that short DNA fragments are important products of radiation-induced DNA lesions, and that the lengths of DNA fragments may be significant in the cellular responses to ionizing radiation. We propose the presence of a subset of short DNA fragments that may affect cell survival and genetic stability following exposure to ionizing radiation, and that the enhanced biological effects of high-LET radiation may be explained, in part, by the production of increased quantities of short DNA fragments.
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