Journal
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
Volume 76, Issue 4, Pages 286-291Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.02.002
Keywords
Chronic fatigue syndrome; NREMS power spectra; Ultra slow delta; Sleep apnea; Sleepiness; Fatigue
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Objectives: The aim of this study is to contribute to the sleep-related differentiation between daytime fatigue and sleepiness. Methods: 135 subjects presenting with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS, n = 58) or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS, n = 52) with respective sleepiness or fatigue complaints and a control group (n = 25) underwent polysomnography and psychometric assessments for fatigue, sleepiness, affective symptoms and perceived sleep quality. Sleep EEG spectral analysis for ultra slow, delta, theta, alpha, sigma and beta power bands was performed on frontal, central and occipital derivations. Results: Patient groups presented with impaired subjective sleep quality and higher affective symptom intensity. CFS patients presented with highest fatigue and SAHS patients with highest sleepiness levels. All groups showed similar total sleep time. Subject groups mainly differed in sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, duration of light sleep (N1, N2) and slow wave sleep, as well as in sleep fragmentation and respiratory disturbance. Relative non-REM sleep power spectra distributions suggest a pattern of power exchange in higher frequency bands at the expense of central ultra slow power in CFS patients during all non-REM stages. In SAHS patients, however, we found an opposite pattern at occipital sites during N1 and N2. Conclusions: Slow wave activity presents as a crossroad of fatigue and sleepiness with, however, different spectral power band distributions during non-REM sleep. The homeostatic function of sleep might be compromised in CFS patients and could explain why, in contrast to sleepiness, fatigue does not resolve with sleep in these patients. The present findings thus contribute to the differentiation of both phenomena. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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