Journal
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
Volume 53, Issue -, Pages 166-172Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.01.019
Keywords
Neurotrophins; Neurotrophic factors; Neurodegeneration; Inflammation; Biomarkers; Brain derived neurotrophic factor; sTNFR1
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Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG, Brazil)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brazil)
- Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais-PRPq, Brazil (Programa de Auxilio a Pesquisa de Doutores Recem-Contratados)
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Neurotrophic factors and inflammatory markers may play considerable roles in AD. In this study we measured, through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, the plasma levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neuronal growth factor (NGF), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptors, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), in 50 AD patients, 37 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 56 healthy elderly controls. BDNF levels, expressed as median and interquartile range, were higher for AD patients (2545.3, 1497.4-4153.4 pg/ml) compared to controls (1503.8, 8023-2378.4 pg/ml), P < 0.001. sICAM-1 was also higher in AD patients. sTNFR1 levels were increased in AD when compared to controls and also to MCI. GDNF, NGF and 5TNFR2 levels showed no significant differences among the studied groups. The increase in BDNF might reflect a compensatory mechanism against early neurodegeneration and seems to be related to inflammation. sTNFR1 appears to mark not only the inflammatory state but also differentiates between MCI and AD, which may be an additional tool for differentiating degrees of cognitive impairment. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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