Journal
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
Volume 47, Issue 2, Pages 197-207Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.10.005
Keywords
Diet; Psychosis; Metabolic syndrome; Cardiovascular Lifestyle; Stress
Categories
Funding
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Psychiatry NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health
- Academy of Medical Sciences
- Wellcome Trust
- British Heart Foundation
- European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Research Grant
- MRC [G108/603] Funding Source: UKRI
- Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) [AMS-SGCL5-Mondelli] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [CL-2008-17-005] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objective: People with schizophrenia show a high incidence of metabolic syndrome, which is associated with a high mortality from cardiovascular disease. The aetiology of the metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia is multi-factorial and may involve antipsychotic treatment, high levels of stress and unhealthy lifestyle, such as poor diet. As a poor diet can predispose to the development of metabolic abnormalities, the aims of this review are to clarify: 1) the dietary patterns of patients with schizophrenia, 2) the association of these dietary patterns with a worse metabolic profile, and 3) the possible factors influencing these dietary patterns. Methods: A search was conducted on Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, Ovid, Psychoinfo and ISI web of Knowledge from 1950 to the 1st of November 2011. 783 articles were found through the investigation of such databases. After title, abstract or full-text reading and applying exclusion criteria we reviewed 31 studies on dietary patterns and their effects on metabolic parameters in schizophrenia. Results: Patients with schizophrenia have a poor diet, mainly characterized by a high intake of saturated fat and a low consumption of fibre and fruit. Such diet is more likely to increase the risk to develop metabolic abnormalities. Data about possible causes of poor diet in schizophrenia are still few and inconsistent. Conclusion: Subjects with schizophrenia show a poor diet that partly accounts for their higher incidence of metabolic abnormalities. Further studies are needed to clarify the causes of poor diet and the role of dietary intervention to improve their physical health. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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