Journal
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages 3200-3211Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/pr401179v
Keywords
iodoTMTsixplex; quantitative proteomics; S-nitrosylation; microglia; S-allyl cysteine
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Funding
- Missouri Consortium from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS) [5P01ES016738-02]
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences research fund at University of Missouri
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines (NCCAM) [P50AT006273]
- Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS)
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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S-Nitrosylation is a redox-based protein post-translational modification in response to nitric oxide signaling and is involved in a wide range of biological processes. Detection and quantification of protein S-nitrosylation have been challenging tasks due to instability and low abundance of the modification. Many studies have used mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods with different thiol-reactive reagents to label and identify proteins with S-nitrosylated cysteine (SNO-Cys). In this study, we developed a novel iodoTMT switch assay (ISA) using an isobaric set of thiol-reactive iodoTMT-sixplex reagents to specifically detect and quantify protein S-nitrosylation. Irreversible labeling of SNO-Cys with the iodoTMTsixplex reagents enables immune-affinity detection of S-nitrosylated proteins, enrichment of iodoTMT-labeled peptides by anti-TMT resin, and importantly, unambiguous modification site-mapping and multiplex quantification by liquid chromatography tandem MS. Additionally, we significantly improved anti-TMT peptide enrichment efficiency by competitive elution. Using ISA, we identified a set of SNO-Cys sites responding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in murine BV-2 microglial cells and revealed effects of S-allyl cysteine from garlic on LPS-induced protein S-nitrosylation in antioxidative signaling and mitochondrial metabolic pathways. ISA proved to be an effective proteomic approach for quantitative analysis of S-nitrosylation in complex samples and will facilitate the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of nitrosative stress in disease.
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