Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 257, Issue -, Pages 12-20Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.075
Keywords
Battery Lifetime Analysis and Simulation; Tool for Vehicles; Range anxiety; Electric vehicle; Workplace charging; Public charging; Fast charging
Funding
- Dave Howell and Brian Cunningham of the Energy Storage, Vehicle Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy
- U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Program
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Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) offer the potential to reduce both oil imports and greenhouse gas emissions, but have a limited utility due to factors including driver range anxiety and access to charging infrastructure. In this paper we apply NREL's Battery Lifetime Analysis and Simulation Tool for Vehicles (BLAST-V) to examine the sensitivity of BEV utility to range anxiety and different charging infrastructure scenarios, including variable time schedules, power levels, and locations (home, work, and public installations). We find that the effects of range anxiety can be significant, but are reduced with access to additional charging infrastructure. We also find that (1) increasing home charging power above that provided by a common 15 A, 120 V circuit offers little added utility, (2) workplace charging offers significant utility benefits to select high mileage commuters, and (3) broadly available public charging can bring many lower mileage drivers to near-100% utility while strongly increasing the achieved miles of high mileage drivers. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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