Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 242, Issue -, Pages 236-243Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.05.021
Keywords
5-V cathode; LMN; In-situ XRD; Li-ion; Spinel
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy under the BATT program
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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The structural changes of the Cr-doped and undoped LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 crystallized in the initial disordered phase with space group of Fd (3) over barm have been investigated during the galvanostatic charge/discharge process at C/24 rate by using in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). measurements. The de-intercalation of lithium proceeds through a series of first-order phase transitions with two regions of two-phase coexistence. The phase diagram is analyzed and discussed, together with the differences among different results reported in the literature to distinguish between general intrinsic properties of spinel and sample-dependent properties due to deviation from stoichiometry, strain field effects, degree of cation ordering, and out-of-equilibrium effects. We argue that the Cr-doping stabilizes the lattice without impacting the capacity significantly, but decreases the energy density. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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