Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 197, Issue -, Pages 314-318Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.09.008
Keywords
Sodium-ion batteries; Sodium iron fluorophosphate; X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Funding
- MICINN [MAT2008-05880]
- Junta de Andalucia [FQM-6017]
- ALISTORE-ERI
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A composite material containing orthorhombic Na(1.8)FePO(4)F and carbon is prepared by mechanical activation and ceramic procedures. The material is studied in sodium test cells as a potential candidate for sodium-ion battery cathodes. The effect of the solvents in the electrolyte on the electrochemical performance is analysed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The structural changes on cycling are small, while the changes in the oxidation state of iron agree with the sodium insertion-extraction processes. The oxidation state is especially affected by the upper limit of the voltage window, and the discharge capacity is strongly affected when using propylene carbonate solvent. Capacity and capacity retention are higher for sodium cells using mixtures of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate as the solvent of NaPF(6) electrolytes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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