Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 196, Issue 4, Pages 2351-2359Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.09.057
Keywords
Fuel cell; Hybrid electrio vehicle; Battery; Supercapacitor; Energy management
Funding
- Department of Transportation
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An optimal design of a three-component hybrid fuel cell electric vehicle comprised of fuel cells battery and supercapacitors is presented First the benefits of using this hybrid combination are analyzed and then the article describes an active power-flow control strategy from each energy source based on optimal control theory to meet the demand of different vehicle loads while optimizing total energy cost battery life and other possible objectives at the same time A cost function that minimizes the square error between the desired variable settings and the current sensed values is developed A gain sequence developed compels the choice of power drawn from all devires to follow an optimal path which makes trade-offs among different targets and minimizes the total energy spent A new method is introduced to make the global optimization into a real-time based control A model is also presented to simulat the individual energy storage systems and compare this invention to existing control strategies the simulation results show that the total energy spent is well saved over the long driving cycles also the fuel cell and batteries are kept operating in a healthy way (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved
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