Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 195, Issue 3, Pages 923-928Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.08.045
Keywords
Supercapacitors; Ultracapacitors; Aging; Leakage current; Electrochemical impedance; Accelerated life test
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Electrochemical double layer capacitors of the BCAP0350 type (Maxwell Technologies) were tested under constant load conditions at different voltages and temperatures. The aging of the capacitors was monitored during the test in terms of capacitance, internal resistance and leakage current. Aging was significantly accelerated by elevated temperature or increased voltage. Only for extreme conditions at voltages of 3.5 V or temperatures above 70 degrees C the capacitors failed due to internal pressure build-up. No other failure events such as open circuit or short circuit were detected. Impedance measurements after the tests showed increased high frequency resistance, an increased distributed resistance and most likely an increase in contact resistance between electrode and Current collector together with a loss of capacitance. Capacitors aged at elevated voltages (3.3 V) exhibited a tilting of the low frequency component, which implies an increase in the heterogeneity of the electrode surface. This feature was not observed upon aging at elevated temperatures (70 degrees C). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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