3.0V-class film-type lithium primary battery with highly improved energy density

Lithium metal is used as an anode material in a 3.0 V-class film-type MnO2 parallel to Li primary battery to increase the operating voltage and discharge capacity for application to active sensor tags of a radio-frequency identification system. A 20-mu m thick lithium layer deposited homogeneously on a copper foil is prepared for the purpose of controlling the efficient utilization and lithium handling. A plasticized gel polymer electrolyte filled with SiO2 particles is also used to enhance the electrochemical stability and safety of the battery. A lithium primary battery with a lithium anode and a nonaqueous electrolyte is fabricated for the first time in the form of a film with a newly designed Nylon 6/AI/polypropylene pouch for perfect shielding. The fabricated 3.0V-class film-type lithium primary battery passes several safety tests and achieves a discharge capacity and an energy density of more than 9 mAh cm(-2) and 470 Wh L-1, respectively. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.