Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 191, Issue 2, Pages 591-600Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.02.026
Keywords
LiMn2O4; Combustion synthesis; Li-ion batteries; Spinels; High temperature cycling behavior
Funding
- project MAT [2008-03182 (MICINN)]
- CSIC-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [2007BG0018]
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Doubly doped LiMn1.99-yLiyM0.01O4 (M=Al3+, Ni2+, Cr3+, Co3+: y = 0.01 and 0.06) spinels have been synthesized by the sucrose-aided combustion method. Combined TG/DTA and XRD studies have shown that stoichiometric single-phase spinels are formed after annealing of the samples at 700 degrees C for 1h. The samples obtained are nanocrystalline materials having a narrow size-distribution and a coherent domain size between 40 and 60 nm, depending on the amount of fuel (sucrose) used in the synthesis. The influence of the Li-excess, the type of Mn+-dopant cation and the amount of fuel used in the synthesis on the electrochemical behavior of tire spinels in a Li-cell at room and at elevated temperature (55 degrees C) has been studied. At 25 degrees C all the spinels synthesized have a good capacity retention after 100 cycles, QRt- 100 > 92%. At 55 degrees C the increase of the Li-excess improves the cycling performances. Rate capability Studies show that the spinels retain >90% of their capacity even at 5C rate. Tire synergic effect of the Li-excess and the particle size on the electrochemical properties of the spinels as cathode material has been settled. The LiMn1.93Li0.06M0.O-01(4,) (M = Al3+, Ni2+) spinels, with cyclabilities >99.9% by cycle at both 25 and 55 degrees C, and high rate capabilities, are the ones that show the best electrochemical properties. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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