Journal
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION
Volume 35, Issue 10, Pages 1509-1525Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/01904167.2012.689911
Keywords
surplus; environmental risk; nitrogen; phosphorus; intensive orchards; north China
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Funding
- special fund for agricultural profession [3-37, 200803030]
- basic application and cutting-edge technology research projects of Tianjin City [09JCYBJC08600]
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Conventional practices of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) application were evaluated based on nutrient balance calculation and soil N and P level from 916 surveyed orchards in North China, in order to assess the potential environmental risks. The results showed that excessive N and P application was common, with the average input rates of 588.4 kg N ha(-1), and 156.7 kg P ha(-1), respectively, which were 2.5-3.0 folds higher than the fruit N and P demand. High proportions of surplus N and P were found in grape, apple, pear and peach orchards in the plain regions with high economic returns. Nitrogen surplus reduced soil carbon (C)/N ratio in the plain, plateau and mountain regions. High soil Olsen-P level in the 40% of surveyed orchards, predominantly distributed in grape and peach orchards, was over the environmental threshold. Controlling N and P fertilization is the key to maintain sustainable fruit production in North China.
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