Journal
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION
Volume 34, Issue 3, Pages 361-370Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/01904167.2011.536878
Keywords
Oryza sativa L.; yield and yield components; shoot dry weight; root dry weight
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Ammonium sulfate and urea are main sources of nitrogen (N) for annual crop production in developing countries. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted using ammonium sulfate and urea as N sources for upland rice grown on a Brazilian Oxisol. The N rates used were 0, 50, 100, 150, 3000, and 400 kg N kg(-1) of soil. Yield and yield components were significantly increased in a quadratic fashion with increasing N rate. Ammonium sulfate X urea interaction was significant for grain yield, shoot dry matter yield, panicle number, plant height and root dry weight, indicating a different response magnitude of these plant parameters to two sources of N. Based on regression equation, maximum grain yield was achieved with the application of 380 mg N kg(-1) by ammonium sulfate and 271 mg N kg(-1) by urea. Grain yield and yield components were reduced at higher rates of urea (> 300 mg kg N) but these plant parameters' responses to ammonium sulfate at higher rates was constant. In the intermediate N rate range (125 to 275 mg kg(-1)), urea was slightly better compared to ammonium sulfate for grain yield. Grain yield was significantly related with plant height, shoot dry weight, panicle number, grain harvest index and root dry weight. Hence, improving these plant characteristics by using appropriate soil and plant management practices can improve upland rice yield.
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