Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
Volume 21, Issue 46, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/46/464116
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Funding
- Japanese Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Materialwissenschafliches Forschungszentrum (MWFZ), Mainz
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We review recent work on the phase behaviour of binary charged sphere mixtures as a function of particle concentration and composition. Both size ratios Gamma and charge ratios Lambda are varied over a wide range. Unlike the case for hard spheres, the long-ranged Coulomb interaction stabilizes the crystal phase at low particle concentrations and shifts the occurrence of amorphous solids to particle concentrations considerably larger than the freezing concentration. Depending on Gamma and Lambda, we observe upper azeotrope, spindle, lower azeotrope and eutectic types of phase diagrams, all known well from metal systems. Most solids are of body centred cubic structure. Occasionally stoichiometric compounds are formed at large particle concentrations. For very low Gamma, entropic effects dominate and induce a fluid-fluid phase separation. Since for charged spheres the charge ratio Lambda is also decisive for the type of phase diagram, future experiments with charge variable silica spheres are suggested.
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