Formamidinium-Containing Metal-Halide: An Alternative Material for Near-IR Absorption Perovskite Solar Cells

Solid-state, solution processed solar-cells based on organic inorganic methyl ammonium lead halide absorbers have achieved efficiencies in excess of 15%, which has superseded liquid dye sensitized cells, as well as various thin film-based photovoltaics. This report introduces a new metal-halide perovskite, based on the formamidinium cation (HC(NH2)(2)(+)), that displays a favorable band gap (1.47 eV) and represents a broader absorption compared to previously reported absorbers that contained the methylammonium cation (CH3NH3+). The high open-circuit voltage (V-oc = 0.97 V) and promising fill-factor (FF = 68.796) yield an efficiency of 4.396, which make this material an excellent candidate for this new class of perovskite solar cell. This report also investigates the formation of a black trigonal (P3m1) perovskite polymorph and a yellow hexagonal nonperovskite (P63mc) polymorph. Further solar cell development would entail the stabilization of the black trigonal (P3m1) perovskite polymorph over the yellow hexagonal nonperovskite (P63mc) polymorph.